Dancers studying the Royal Academy of Dance Intermediate Foundation syllabus are expected to attain knowledge of the following vocabulary:
Arabesques
Arabesque: “an ornament or style made of an intricate pattern of interlaced lines; a dance pose”
A balanced pose on one leg with the other leg extended behind.
1st Arabesque
A basic arabesque taken facing stage right or stage left.
When executed at 90 degrees, the dancer stands on the upstage leg and the downstage leg is lifted fully stretched behind, in line with the hip. The upstage arm reaches forwards to create an extended line in front of the shoulder at eye level. The head is slightly lifted and placed so that the eyeline is directed along and beyond the middle finger. The downstage arm is placed slightly behind and below the shoulder.
2nd Arabesque
A basic arabesque in which the position of the legs is the same as for 1st arabesque, but the front arm is placed in opposition to the supporting leg and just above shoulder level. The eyeline is directed along and beyond the middle finger. The back arm is placed very slightly behind and below the shoulder, which gives 2nd arabesque a more ‘square’ feel than 1st arabesque.
Assemblés
Assemblé: “to gather; gathered”
A jump in which the legs join together (are assembled) fully stretched in 5th position in the air. The jump lands on two feet.
The movement starts from 3rd or 5th position with a demi-plié. As the knees bend, one leg slides out to brush off the floor. The push from the supporting leg combined with this sliding of the working leg provides the force to get into the air, where the feet join together in 5th position at the height of the jump.
In a basic assemblé, the arms lift to demi-seconde with the outward movement of the leg and return to bras bas upon landing. There is a use of épaulement that begins with the jump and finishes with the same shoulder forward as the foot that finishes devant.
Assemblé devant
“gathered step; front”
An assemblé in which the front foot slides out to 2nd position and finishes devant.
Assemblé derrière
“gathered step; behind”
An assemblé in which the back foot slides out to 2nd position and finishes derrière.
Assemblé dessus
“gathered step; over”
An assemblé in which the back foot slides out to 2nd position and finishes devant.
Assemblé dessous
“gathered step; under”
An assemblé in which the front foot slides out to 2nd position and finishes derrière.
Parallel assemblé en avant
“gathered step; forward”
An assemblé in which the front foot slides out to parallel 4th devant (extended to the front) and finishes in parallel. This step travels forward.
(Female syllabus only)
Parallel assemblé en tournant
“gathered step; while turning”
The parallel assemblé action is performed while turning.
(Female syllabus only)
Petit assemblé devant
“small; gathered step; front”
A small jump sur place (on the spot – no travelling) from one foot to two feet.
With the working foot placed sur le cou-de-pied devant (on the neck of the foot front), there is a spring off the supporting leg. Both legs then assemble fully stretched in 5th position in the air before the jump lands in 5th position.
Petit assemblé devant: The working foot begins sur le cou-de-pied devant and ends 5th devant.
Petit assemblé derrière
“small; gathered step; behind”
A small jump sur place (on the spot – no travelling) from one foot to two feet.
With the working foot placed sur le cou-de-pied derrière (on the neck of the foot behind), there is a spring off the supporting leg. Both legs then assemble fully stretched in 5th position in the air before the jump lands in 5th position.
Petit assemblé derrière: The working foot begins sur le cou-de-pied derrière and ends 5th derrière.
Balancés
Balancé: “to rock; swing; sway to and fro; find counterbalance or equilibrium; rocked; balanced; a balanced step”
A lyrical terre à terre (“ground to ground”: the toes stay close to the ground) movement set on a waltz rhythm so the accent is on the first step.
Comprises three transferences of weight, often executed in series from side to side or forward and backward.
Balancé de côté
“balanced step; to the side”
A balancé from side to side.
From classical pose, the movement begins with a fondu on the supporting leg, extending the working leg to 2nd. The weight is then transferred sideways onto that foot en fondu.
The other foot is released and brought momentarily to cou-de-pied derrière before the weight is transferred first onto the demi-pointe of that foot and then again onto the initial working foot en fondu.
Battements fondus
Battement fondu: “beating; melted”
A smoothly coordinated bending and stretching of both legs simultaneously.
From 5th position or dégagé, the working foot is placed sur le cou-de-pied while the supporting leg bends to the depth of a demi-plié. The working leg then opens through a small attitude to extend to 45 degrees, as the supporting leg simultaneously straightens.
Develops strength and control for jumps.
Battement fondu à terre devant, to 2nd and derrière
“beating; melted; on the ground; front; to 2nd; and behind”
A battement fondu in which the working leg extends to dégagé (toes of the fully stretched foot in contact with the floor) as the supporting leg simultaneously straightens.
Performed devant (front), to 2nd and derrière (behind).
Battements frappés
Battement frappé: “beating; hit or strike”
A striking action of the foot directed towards the floor using a strong extension of the leg.
The flexed working ankle begins with the heel placed sur le cou-de-pied before the metatarsals strike the floor and the leg and foot finish in a fully stretched position at glissé height.
Develops speed and precision in the use of the foot and ankle.
Battement frappé to 2nd
“beating; hit or strike; to 2nd”
As the working leg extends to 2nd, the metatarsals strike the floor. The leg and foot finish in a fully stretched position in 2nd at glissé height.
Battements glissés
Battement glissé: “beating; sliding”
An opening and closing of the fully stretched working leg with a quick gliding action that causes the toes to be released just off the floor.
Develops speed of footwork.
Battements glissé devant, to 2nd and derrière from 5th position in 2 counts
Battements glissé to 2nd from 1st position in 1 count
Battements tendus
Battement tendu: “beating; outstretched”
The opening and closing of a stretched working leg à terre.
Strengthens the use of the foot and activates all the leg muscles on both the outward and inward movements.
Battement tendu devant, to 2nd and derrière from 5th position in 2 counts
Cabrioles
Cabriole: “caper; leap of a goat”
A grand allegro jump in which one leg beats against the other, either in front of, to the side of or behind the body.
Cabriole de côté in parallel 1st position
“caper; to the side”
(Male syllabus only)
Changements
Changement: “to change; changing”
A jump in which the legs begin in 5th position and change through 1st position in the air at the height of the jump (separating as little as possible) to land in the opposite 5th position (the foot that starts derrière finishes devant).
Changement by ¼ turn
A changement performed with a one-quarter turn.
Changement battu
“changing; beaten”
A changement in which the legs beat together in the air.
From 5th position, the legs open slightly sideways on leaving the ground, in order to execute the beating action of the legs without a change of feet, before landing with a change of feet.
The Cecchetti method of ballet training refers to this step as a “royale” or “entrechat royale”.
Grand changement
A changement that requires a deeper demi-plié and a much stronger push from the floor in order to achieve greater elevation.
(Male syllabus only)
Chassés
Chassé: “chased; a chased step”
A linking movement with a sliding action of the foot beginning from either an open or a closed position en fondu or en demi-plié and ending in an open position en demi-plié.
Chassé en avant
“chased; forward”
A chassé that starts with a demi-plié in 5th devant. The front foot then slides forward along the floor to 4th opposite 5th position en demi-plié.
Chassé en arrière
“chased; backward”
A chassé that starts with a demi-plié in 5th derrière. The back foot then slides backward along the floor to 4th opposite 5th position en demi-plié.
Chassé to 2nd position
“chased; to 2nd position”
A chassé that starts with a demi-plié in 5th position. The working foot then slides outward along the floor to 2nd position en demi-plié.
Chassé passé en avant
“chased; passed; forward”
A variation of a chassé in which the working foot passes forward to 4th position. May be taken from a closed or open position.
From a closed position, the back foot peels away from the floor to stretch with the tip of the toe contacting the side of the base of the heel of the supporting foot and the floor. It then passes through 5th devant to begin the demi-plié and slides forward along the floor to finish in 4th opposite 5th position en demi-plié.
From an open position, the back foot slides forward along the floor, through 1st position en demi-plié. It tracks a diagonal line to finish 4th opposite 5th position en demi-plié.
Classical walks
Classical walk: “a stylised way of walking in classical ballet”
Walking by rolling through the foot (toe, ball, heel), keeping the legs and feet turned out. Pushing off the supporting leg ensures a smooth action with a sense of poise and lift through the whole body.
Coupés
Coupé: “to cut; a cutting step”
A form of transfer of weight. An action in which one foot cuts away the other.
Coupé dessus
“cutting step; over”
A coupé in which one foot cuts in front of the other.
Coupé dessous
“cutting step; under”
A coupé in which one foot cuts behind the other.
Courus
Couru: “to run; small running steps”
A series of very small, rapid, even steps with the feet well crossed in 5th position and the body held poised over the feet.
Courus en tournant, en demi-pointe and en demi-plié
(Female syllabus only)
Courus sur place en pointe
(Female syllabus only)
Développés
Développé: “to unfold; unfolding action of the leg”
A slow and sustained unfolding action of the working leg.
Développé devant and to 2nd position
Echappés relevés
Echappé relevé: “escaped action; pulled up”
A relevé performed with the feet moving from a closed to an open position, and returning to a closed position.
Echappés relevé changé en demi pointe
“escaped action; pulled up; with a change of feet”
Echappés relevé changé en pointe
(Female syllabus only)
Echappés sautés
“escaped action; jumped”
A jump from a closed position, either 1st or 5th, to an open position, either 2nd or 4th.
Glissades
Glissade: “to glide; sliding”
A connecting step travelling in any direction and performed terre à terre.
The basic glissade is travelled sideways.
From 5th position, the glissade begins with a demi-plié. The working foot extends to a dégagé in 2nd en fondu; the supporting leg pushes away from the floor and is released so that both legs are momentarily fully stretched.
The transfer of weight continues, lowering through the leading foot into a fondu. The other foot lowers to dégagé in 2nd, before being drawn firmly into 5th position en demi-plié.
Glissade devant
“sliding step; front”
A glissade sideways initiated by the front foot and done without a change of feet.
The front foot extends to 2nd and the other foot closes 5th derrière.
Glissade derrière
“sliding step; behind”
A glissade sideways initiated by the back foot and done without a change of feet.
The back foot extends to 2nd and the other foot closes 5th devant.
Glissade dessus
“sliding step; over”
A glissade sideways initiated by the back foot and done with a change of feet.
The back foot extends to 2nd and the other foot closes 5th derrière.
Glissade dessous
“sliding step; under”
A glissade sideways initiated by the front foot and done with a change of feet.
The front foot extends to 2nd and the other foot closes 5th devant.
Running glissade en avant and de côté
“running; sliding step; forward and to the side”
Grands battements
Grand battement: “big; beating action”
A strong throwing action of the working leg.
From 5th position, the movement is achieved by use of the floor like in a battement tendu. This is followed by the light lifting of the leg to a height of 90 degrees and a return through battement tendu with control to close in 5th position.
Grand battement devant, to 2nd and derrière
“big; beating action; front; to 2nd and behind”
Grand battement en cloche
“big; beating action; like a bell”
A dynamic action in which the working leg swings forward and backward through 1st position like a pendulum, starting and finishing in an open position devant or derrière.
Jetés
Jeté: “to throw; a thrown action; a jump taking off from one leg and landing on the other”
Grand jeté en avant
“big; thrown; forward”
A large leap travelling forward from one foot to the other.
Jeté in petit attitude devant
“thrown; in small attitude position; front”
Jeté ordinaire devant
“thrown; ordinary; front”
A jump from one foot to the other, landing with the freed foot contacting the base of the shin (jeté devant).
From 5th devant, the first action is a demi-plié before the front foot slides out to 2nd position just below 45 degrees, coordinating with the spring off the floor of the supporting leg.
Before landing, the extended leg comes behind the other leg to land with the freed foot devant, the little toe making contact with the middle of the shin.
Jeté ordinaire derrière
“thrown; ordinary; behind”
A jump from one foot to the other, landing with the freed foot contacting the base of the calf (jeté derrière).
From 5th derrière, the first action is a demi-plié before the back foot slides out to 2nd position just below 45 degrees, coordinating with the spring off the floor of the supporting leg.
Before landing, the extended leg comes in front of the other leg to land with the freed foot derrière, the big toe making contact with the base of the calf.
Jeté passé devant
“thrown; passed; front”
A spring in which the legs pass one another in front of the body at the height of the jump.
The dancer begins with the working leg en l’air devant en fondu, springs into the air and passes the push-off leg forward en l’air devant before landing on the other leg en fondu.
The legs may lift straight or en attitude devant.
(Female syllabus only)
Jeté passé derrière
“thrown; passed; behind”
A spring in which the legs pass one another behind the body at the height of the jump.
The dancer begins with the working leg en l’air derrière en fondu, springs into the air and passes the push-off leg backward en l’air derrière before landing on the other leg en fondu.
The legs may lift straight or en attitude derrière.
(Female syllabus only)
Pas de bourrées
Pas de bourrée: “bourrée step”
Terre à terre steps performed in a continuous movement in any direction, demanding quick, precise footwork.
Pas de bourrée devant
“bourrée step; front”
A pas de bourrée travelling sideways with the closing actions taken devant-derrière.
From 5th position devant or derrière, the action begins with a demi-plié.
The working foot extends to 2nd at glissé height then closes into 5th devant en demi-pointes. The back foot immediately steps to a small 2nd en demi-pointes, then the other foot closes into 5th devant en demi-plié.
Pas de bourrée derrière
“bourrée step; behind”
A pas de bourrée travelling sideways with the closing actions taken derrière-devant.
From 5th position devant or derrière, the action begins with a demi-plié.
The working foot extends to 2nd at glissé height then closes into 5th derrière en demi-pointes. The front foot immediately steps to a small 2nd en demi-pointes, then the other foot closes into 5th derrière en demi-plié.
Pas de bourrée dessus
“bourrée step; over”
A pas de bourrée travelling sideways with the closing actions taken devant-derrière.
From 5th position devant or derrière, the action begins with a demi-plié.
The working foot extends to 2nd at glissé height then closes into 5th devant en demi-pointes. The back foot immediately steps to a small 2nd en demi-pointes, then the other foot closes into 5th derrière en demi-plié.
Pas de bourrée dessous
“bourrée step; under”
A pas de bourrée travelling sideways with the closing actions taken derrière-devant.
From 5th position devant or derrière, the action begins with a demi-plié.
The working foot extends to 2nd at glissé height then closes into 5th derrière en demi-pointes. The front foot immediately steps to a small 2nd en demi-pointes, then the other foot closes into 5th devant en demi-plié.
Pas de chats
Pas de chat: “step of the cat”
A light, springing step moving sideways from 5th to 5th, jumping off one foot and landing on the other before closing en demi-plié.
From 5th derrière en demi-plié, the back foot is released and lifts through retiré derrière. At the same time, there is a spring upward. At the height of the jump, the leading leg opens slightly in preparation for landing, while the push-off leg passes through retiré devant.
Landing on the leading foot, the other foot swiftly follows to close into 5th devant en demi-plié.
The arms are held in 3rd position throughout, with the arm corresponding to the leading foot placed in front.
Pas de valses
Pas de valse: “step of the waltz”
A lyrical step performed on a waltz rhythm. Consists of three transferences of weight from foot to foot, often performed in series.
The dancer takes a lilting step onto one foot and the other foot passes through petit retiré to step forward or backward. The weight is then transferred onto the first foot with a coupé action.
Pas de valse en tournant
“step of the waltz; turning”
(Female syllabus only)
Pas soutenus
Pas soutenu: “step; sustained”
A sustained extension of the leg and foot à terre to dégagé en fondu, with a coordinated return to a closed position stretching the supporting leg.
From 5th position, the supporting leg bends at the same time as the working leg extends to a dégagé en fondu. The return movement is a simultaneous straightening of the supporting leg with a closing of the working leg.
Pas soutenu devant and derrière
“step; sustained; to the front and to the back”.
Petits battements
Petit battement: “small; beating action”
A small sideways beating action of the working foot on the cou-de-pied of the supporting leg.
From a relaxed knee joint, the lower leg opens sideways, releasing just enough for the foot to pass the supporting leg, beating derrière before opening sideways to beat devant. May also beat devant and then derrière.
Trains accent, speed and dexterity of the lower leg.
Pirouettes
Pirouette: “a turn on one leg”
En dehors: single from demi-plié in 4th position
“in an outward direction; turned out; outward”
En dedans: single from 4th position en fondu
“in an inward direction; turned in; inward”
Single from 4th position en fondu in parallel retiré
(Male syllabus only)
Pivots
Pivot: “a swivelling action”
A small controlled rotating movement on one leg. The heel releases, moves forward and lowers in a series of small movements that turn the body.
Pivots à terre
Pivot steps
Pivot step: “a swivelling action; step”
The pivot action takes place as a transference of weight, stepping, with the front foot en fondu and the back foot on the ball of the foot.
Pivot step de côté en face
(Female syllabus only)
Pivot step en tournant
(Female syllabus only)
Pliés
Plié: “to bend; bending action”
Demi-plié in 1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th positions
Grand plié in 1st, 2nd and 5th positions
Grand plié in parallel 1st position
(Male syllabus only)
Port de bras
Port de bras: “a carriage of the arm or arms”
Port de bras with forward bend
Port de bras with side bend
Port de bras with back bend
Posés
Posé: “to set or place; placed; a placed step”
A movement involving a transfer of weight onto the whole foot, demi-pointe or pointe.
Posé en avant, en arrière and de côté
Posé en avant into 1st arabesque en demi-pointe
(Female syllabus only)
Posé into retiré derrière en demi-pointe
Poses of the body
Croisé devant
“crossed; front”
A basic pose of the body taken facing either downstage corner, with the downstage foot dégagé devant.
The arms are held in 4th position with the upstage arm raised.
There is a strong lift in the upper body and the head is turned and raised so that the eyeline is out to the audience (downstage).
Croisé derrière
“crossed; behind”
A basic pose of the body taken facing either downstage corner with the upstage foot dégagé derrière.
The arms are held in 4th position with the upstage arm raised.
There is a strong lift of the body forward and up. The head is turned and slightly raised so that the eyeline is out to the audience (downstage).
Effacé devant
“sideways on; front”
A basic pose of the body taken facing either downstage corner with the upstage foot dégagé devant.
The arms are held in 4th position with the downstage arm raised, gentling framing the face.
Heightened awareness of the opening of the chest and the use of the upper back creates a diagonal line from the top of the head to the tip of the toes. The head is turned and lifted so that the eyeline is clearly up and out.
Effacé derrière
“sideways on; behind”
A basic pose of the body taken facing either downstage corner with the downstage foot dégagé derrière.
The arms are held in 4th position with the downstage arm raised.
There is a slight lift and inclination forward in the upper body, while retaining the open line across the chest. The head is turned and lifted so that the eyeline is in front of and beyond the elbow.
Relevés
Relevé: “to pull up; raise; lift; or push up; a lifted or lifting action”
A leg action that begins with a demi-plié or fondu, arrives en demi-pointes or en pointes with a strong and speedy stretch of the legs and finishes again en demi-plié or en fondu.
Relevé in 1st, 2nd and 5th position
Relevé devant
“pulled up; front”
the working leg lifts to retiré devant.
Relevé derrière
“pulled up; behind”
the working leg lifts to retiré derrière.
Relevé passé devant
“pulled up; passed; front”
A relevé in which the working foot begins 5th derrière, lifts directly to retiré devant, then passes as it lowers to 5th devant.
Relevé passé derrière
“pulled up; passed; behind”
A relevé in which the working foot begins 5th devant, lifts to retiré devant, then passes as it lowers to 5th derrière.
Rises
Rise: “an action of the supporting foot or feet”
The legs are kept straight and the heels are released from the floor until the ankle is fully stretched.
Rises onto demi-pointe in 1st, 2nd and 5th position
Rise onto pointe in 1st position
(Female syllabus only)
Ronds de jambes
Rond de jambe: “circle of the leg”
Demi grand rond de jambe en dehors and en dedans
“half; big; circle of the leg; outward and inward”
A sustained circling action of the working leg en l’air, tracing half of a semicircle in the air.
Taken from 4th devant to 2nd position, and from 2nd position to 4th derrière (en dehors); or from 4th derrière to 2nd position, and from 2nd position to 4th devant (en dedans).
Demi rond de jambe en dehors and en dedans à terre
“half; circle of the leg; outward and inward; on the ground”
Half the circling action of a rond de jambe à terre.
Rond de jambe à terre, en dehors and en dedans
Sautés
Sauté: “jump”
Sautés in 1st, 2nd and 4th position
Sauté in parallel 1st position
(Male syllabus only)
Sissonnes
Sissonne: Thought to originate from “ciseau” – “scissors”
A jump from two feet to one foot, often with a scissor-like action.
Sissonne fermée de côté devant
“sissonne; closed; sideways; front”
A sissonne fermée de côté in which the working leg begins and ends in front.
From 5th devant en demi-plié, the jump travels sideways toward the foot that began behind, with that leg fully stretching under the body as the other leg opens to 2nd position at 45 degrees.
The jump lands on one foot with the open foot immediately closing 5th devant en demi-plié.
Sissonne fermée de côté derrière
“sissonne; closed; sideways; behind”
A sissonne fermée de côté in which the working leg begins and ends behind.
From 5th derrière en demi-plié, the jump travels sideways toward the foot that began in front, with that leg fully stretching under the body as the other leg opens to 2nd position at 45 degrees.
The jump lands on one foot with the open foot immediately closing 5th derrière en demi-plié.
Sissonne fermée de côté dessus
“sissonne; closed; sideways; over”
A sissonne fermée de côté in which the working leg begins behind and ends in front.
From 5th devant en demi-plié, the jump travels sideways toward the foot that began in front, with that leg fully stretching under the body as the other leg opens to 2nd position at 45 degrees.
The jump lands on one foot with the open foot immediately closing 5th devant en demi-plié.
Sissonne fermée de côté dessous
“sissonne; closed; sideways; under”
A sissonne fermée de côté in which the working leg begins in front and ends behind.
From 5th devant en demi-plié, the jump travels sideways toward the foot that began behind, with that leg fully stretching under the body as the other leg opens to 2nd position at 45 degrees.
The jump lands on one foot with the open foot immediately closing 5th derrière en demi-plié.
Soubresauts
Soubresaut: “start; jolt; sudden jump”
A jump from 5th position that lands in the same 5th position (no change of feet).
The inner thighs are strongly drawn together at the height of the jump so that the legs are crossed in a tight 5th position. The legs and feet are fully stretched.
Spring Points
Spring: a jump from one foot to the other
Spring points: a series of springs from one foot to the other, performed sur place (on the spot), with the working foot devant à terre (stretched out in front, toes pointing and staying close to the ground)
Temps levés
Temps levé: “time or beat; lifted”
A jump off one foot landing on the same foot; a hop.
Temps levé in attitude devant
Temps levé with low développé passé devant
(Female syllabus only)
Temps levé in parallel retiré
Temps levé in retiré derrière
(Female syllabus only)
Temps levé in 1st and 2nd arabesque
Temps liés
Temps lié: “time; linked”
A linking movement comprising a smooth transference of weight, with coordinated use of arms, body, head and legs.
A basic temps lié begins with a demi-plié before the working foot is extended en fondu to dégagé in the intended direction. The tip of the working foot stays in contact with the floor before and after the transference of weight.
Basic temps lié en avant
Basic temps lié to 2nd
Tours en l’air
Tour en l’air: “turn; in the air”
A complete turn in the air, usually beginning from 5th and ending in the opposite 5th (changement en tournant).
Single tour en l’air
(Male syllabus only)
Transfers of weight
Basic transfer of weight in 2nd position
Full transfer of weight through 2nd position
Full transfer of weight through 4th position en avant
Full transfer of weight through 4th position en arrière
Intermediate Foundation: Free Enchaînement Vocabulary
All free enchâinements will contain at least two variations of one focal step and a selection of appropriate linking steps from the lists below.
Focal steps
Assemblé
- Assemblés devant, derrière, dessus and dessous
Jeté ordinaire
- Jetés ordinaires devant and derrière
Sissonne fermée de côté
- Sissonnes fermées de côté: devant, derrière, dessus and dessous
Linking steps
- Pas de bourrées devant, derrière, dessus and dessous
- Changement, changement battu, relevé in 5th position
- Glissades devant, derrière, dessus and dessous
- Petits assemblés devant and derrière
- Temps levé (not in a series)
- Coupé chassé pas de bourrée
Bibliography
This resource was created for revision purposes and is intended as a helpful guide.
It was compiled using the following Royal Academy of Dance publications:
Royal Academy of Dance (2021) Specifications. Available at: https://www.royalacademyofdance.org/exams/specifications-and-syllabus-updates/ (Accessed: 5 January 2023).
Royal Academy of Dance (2015) The Foundations of Classical Ballet Technique. Royal Academy of Dance Enterprises.
Royal Academy of Dance (2002) The Progressions of Classical Ballet Technique. Royal Academy of Dance Enterprises.
Ryman, Rhonda (2007) Dictionary of Classical Ballet. 3rd edition. Royal Academy of Dance Enterprises.
Dance Resources
Georgina Butler is an editor, a dance writer and a ballet teacher.
